Copstead-Kirkhorn: Pathophysiology, 4th Edition

Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology

Test Bank

TRUE/FALSE

	1.	Normal ranges for physiologic parameters are arbitrarily defined based on population sampling.

ANS:	T

	2.	Values outside the normal range for a particular variable are always indicative of disease.

ANS:	F

	3.	Illness and disease always coexist.

ANS:	F

	4.	Normalcy is culturally defined.

ANS:	T

	5.	A change in a physiologic variable is more significant than the absolute values.

ANS:	T

	6.	Most homeostatic mechanisms function via positive feedback loops.

ANS:	F

	7.	Homeostatic control mechanisms function primarily during disease states.

ANS:	F

	8.	Epidemiology is the study of disease expression in individuals.

ANS:	F

	9.	The etiology and pathogenesis of most disease states have been well defined by research.

ANS:	F

	10.	Individuals experiencing the same disease process exhibit the same clinical manifestations.

ANS:	F

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3° F, skin rash, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
a.	a sore throat.	
b.	streptococcal infection.	
c.	genetic susceptibility.	
d.	pharyngitis.	

ANS:	B

	2.	Which of the following is a statement about disease pathogenesis?
a.	Pharyngitis is caused by group A hemolytic Streptococcus infection.	
b.	Streptococcal infection activates immune cells, leading to inflammation.	
c.	Sore throat and mucosal inflammation are common signs and symptoms of pharyngeal infection.	
d.	Antibiotics are the treatment of choice for streptococcal infection.	

ANS:	B

	3.	Which of the following assessment findings indicates an alteration in homeostatic control mechanisms?
a.	Fever	
b.	Throat pain	
c.	Joint stiffness	
d.	Positive throat culture	

ANS:	A

	4.	Most homeostatic mechanisms function on a negative-feedback principle, which facilitates
a.	minimal response to environmental changes.	
b.	an amplified response.	
c.	a rapid response rate.	
d.	steady-state stability.	

ANS:	D

	5.	A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an example of
a.	primary prevention.	
b.	secondary prevention.	
c.	tertiary prevention.	
d.	disease treatment.	

ANS:	A

	6.	An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of
a.	primary prevention.	
b.	secondary prevention.	
c.	tertiary prevention.	
d.	disease treatment.	

ANS:	B

	7.	A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake. This is an example of
a.	primary prevention.	
b.	secondary prevention.	
c.	tertiary prevention.	
d.	disease treatment.	

ANS:	B

	8.	After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering medication. This is an example of
a.	primary prevention.	
b.	secondary prevention.	
c.	tertiary prevention.	
d.	disease treatment.	

ANS:	C

MATCHING

Match the following terms with the descriptions below (not all letters will be used).
a.	Idiopathic	
b.	Iatrogenic	
c.	Morbidity	
d.	Syndrome	
e.	Sequela	
f.	Remission	
g.	Complication	
h.	Exacerbation	
i.	Subclinical	
j.	Endemic	
k.	Pandemic	
l.	Etiology	
m.	Epidemic	
n.	Epidemiology	

	1.	The conditions or illnesses associated with a disease

	2.	A set of symptoms that occur together

	3.	A disorder of unknown cause

	4.	An abatement or decline in disease manifestations

	5.	A disease that is continuously present in a particular region

	6.	An epidemic that distributes to a large geographic area

	7.	An adverse condition occurring as a result of medical intervention

	8.	Common problems following a disease process

	9.	The known cause of a disease process

	10.	A new disease process arising secondarily to another disease

	11.	An absence of clinical manifestations despite the presence of a disease

	12.	An increase in the severity of disease signs and symptoms

	1.	ANS:	C

	2.	ANS:	D

	3.	ANS:	A

	4.	ANS:	F

	5.	ANS:	J

	6.	ANS:	K

	7.	ANS:	B

	8.	ANS:	E

	9.	ANS:	L

	10.	ANS:	G

	11.	ANS:	I

	12.	ANS:	H