Chapter 01: Perioperative Education
Phillips: Berry & Kohn’s Operating Room Technique, 14th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	Communication is an essential part of working as a team. What is another key element of communication?
a.	Attitude	
b.	Body language	
c.	Education	
d.	Constant talking	

ANS:	B
Appropriate body language is also necessary for successful communication. Body language can send a message. Sometimes it can send a negative message, such as rolling of the eyes.

REF:	p. 11

	2.	Entry-level education for perioperative practice prepares nurses to be
a.	urologists.	
b.	orthopedists.	
c.	neurologists.	
d.	generalists.	

ANS:	D
Basic perioperative nursing elective programs focus on the role of the nurse as a generalist scrub person and circulating nurse.

REF:	p. 3

	3.	Perioperative experience teaches that minor procedures may be fairly quick, but still have risks such as
a.	cardiac arrest.	
b.	hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.	
c.	severe bleeding.	
d.	All are correct	

ANS:	D
All procedures carry a risk and can become unpredictable.

REF:	p. 10

	4.	Skills are best learned through
a.	listening to an expert tell how to do it.	
b.	watching a movie about a task.	
c.	actual hands-on experience.	
d.	reading about it.	

ANS:	C
Skills are best learned through actual hands-on experience in applying the theory learned in the classroom or self-study laboratory.

REF:	p. 10

	5.	Which objective should a perioperative learner strive to attain?
a.	Realize that a team approach to surgical procedures cannot always occur.	
b.	Validate the need for constant patient observation.	
c.	Maintain the belief that competent behaviors are more vital than humane behaviors.	
d.	Hands-on experience is the most important means to understanding surgery.	

ANS:	B
Constant patient observation is essential to maintain their safety.

REF:	p. 10

	6.	The team approach involves
a.	a coordinated effort by all caregivers.	
b.	working to obtain specific personal goals.	
c.	incompetence.	
d.	direct caregivers with access to patient data.	

ANS:	A
A team effort is necessary to meet the patient's preoperative goals.

REF:	p. 11

	7.	Not everyone learns at the same speed or attains information in the same manner. Knowing how a student learns will help the educator come up with the right ___________.
a.	answer	
b.	environment	
c.	teaching methods	
d.	learning styles	

ANS:	C
Learning is a process and takes time to master skills. With the right teaching methods, a student will be able to apply their knowledge of basic sciences with hands on practice to master their skills.

REF:	p. 4 | p. 10

	8.	Describe one way a relatively safe procedure can rapidly become a catastrophic or fatal event.
a.	Preoperative patient anxiety	
b.	Postoperative pain	
c.	Unknown patient allergies	
d.	Subjective responses to OR activities	

ANS:	C
Answers include patient development of uncontrollable bleeding; seizure; irreversible shock; overwhelming postoperative infection; cardiac arrest; or an unknown allergy or sensitivity to a chemical, substance, medication, or anesthetic.

REF:	p. 10

	9.	What is the common goal of a perioperative team?
a.	Do not report any surgical mishaps to patients or family members.	
b.	Keep general anesthesia to a minimum.	
c.	Complete every surgical procedure in less than 4 hours.	
d.	Deliver efficient patient care for each procedure.	

ANS:	D
The common goal is effective delivery of care in a safe, efficient, and timely manner.

REF:	p. 11

	10.	What is a realistic time frame for a practitioner to feel confident as a functioning perioperative team member.
a.	Three months	
b.	One to two years	
c.	Six months to one year	
d.	Three months to six months	

ANS:	D
A transition from dependent learner to independent practitioner evolves over a period of time. The realities of the work environment and the emotional and ethical dilemmas of some situations are experienced as basic competencies are developed. It can take 6 months to 1 year to feel confident as a functioning perioperative team member.

REF:	p. 12

MATCHING

Match each term with the correct description below.
a.	Works with orientees and learners according to a prescribed task-oriented lesson plan	
b.	Has more experience with personnel and the OR’s climate; provides insight into the department’s social atmosphere	
c.	Staff member who is emulated and respected for his or her clinical competence	

	1.	Mentor

	2.	Role model

	3.	Preceptor

	1.	ANS:	B	REF:	p. 12

	2.	ANS:	C	REF:	p. 13

	3.	ANS:	A	REF:	p. 12

TRUE/FALSE

	1.	A surgical procedure may be invasive, minimally invasive, or noninvasive.

ANS:	T
Any invasive or minimally invasive procedure enters the body either through an opening in tissue or a natural body orifice. Noninvasive procedures do not enter the body and are usually for diagnostic purposes.

REF:	p. 2

	2.	Students may work for compensation during official clinical hours.

ANS:	F
Some students are hired into apprenticeships before graduation enabling them to work in the OR in a limited capacity in anticipation of a permanent position. Schools that permit students to work while they are still participating in the education process should have a policy in place to delineate the student role from the employee role. Thus students may not work for compensation while completing clinical hours in the operating room setting.

REF:	p. 3

	3.	A perioperative nurse’s role only encompasses supervision of unlicensed personnel who scrub and requires knowledge of practices and procedures.

ANS:	F
The nurse can function as a scrub person after proper training.

REF:	p. 4 | p. 5

	4.	The term educator refers to the person responsible for planning, implementing, and evaluating the learner’s experiences in the classroom and clinical setting.

ANS:	T
This definition describes the responsibilities of the perioperative nurse educator.

REF:	p. 5

	5.	Students should have a tour of the perioperative environment and know the basic standards and protocol before starting clinicals.

ANS:	T
This prevents learning questionable shortcuts or improper technique.

REF:	p. 4

	6.	Surgical technology programs focus primarily on scrubbing in to prepare and maintain the sterile field and handle instruments.

ANS:	T
Most surgical technology programs provide scrub experiences in many specialties.

REF:	p. 3

	7.	The perioperative caregiver should display attributes and communication skills that inspire confidence and trust in patients.

ANS:	T
A patient’s sense of security is grounded in how he or she perceives the behavior of the perioperative team. This leaves a lasting impression on the patient.

REF:	p. 10